نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
This research conducts a comparative study of the nature of moral propositions, specifically whether they are declarative (ikhbārī) or performative (inshā'ī), as one of the key issues in meta-ethics within the thought of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli (1933-) and Ayatollah Mesbah Yazdi (1935-2021). The aim of this research is to answer the fundamental question: How do both thinkers, despite their differences regarding the nature of moral propositions, strive to establish a realistic ethical system? This research employs a descriptive-analytical method, first providing an independent description of each theory and then a comparative analysis focusing on ontological and epistemological axes, as well as the relationship between "is" (hast) and "ought" (bāyad)". The findings indicate that Ayatollah Mesbah Yazdi, with a realistic approach, considers moral propositions to be declarative (ikhbārī), "noumenal (reflecting the objective) (nafs al-amrī) relationship" between an action and ultimate perfection, and reduces "ought" to "necessity by relation to something else" (zarūrat-e be-'lqiās). In contrast, Ayatollah Javadi Amoli considers these propositions to be performative (inshā'ī) and the product of the credit-bestowing (i'tibār) activity of the practical intellect. However, by basing these creditations on existential realities and the immutable human nature (fiṭrat), he avoids relativism. Ultimately, Ayatollah Mesbah Yazdi's view provides a coherent path to proving realism, while Ayatollah Javadi Amoli's view, while maintaining the distinction between "is" and "ought," offers a more precise explanation of the motivational and practical nature of ethics.
کلیدواژهها English
