The relationship between thought, inner states, and action constitutes a fundamental issue in Islamic philosophical anthropology and ethics. Although Mullā Ṣadrā frequently emphasizes the influence of thought on inner states and of inner states on action, it remains unclear whether this relationship is merely linear and unidirectional or whether it reflects a reciprocal structure. This study aims to reconstruct the dynamic relationship among thought, inner states, and action in Mullā Ṣadrā's Al-Hikmah al-Muta’āliyah through a hermeneutical analytical framework. Employing a descriptive–analytical method, the research examines Ṣadrā's principal philosophical works to address the following question: Can the relationship between thought, inner states, and action in Al-Hikmah al-Muta’āliyah be explained through a reciprocal and perfection-oriented model? The findings indicate that, although Ṣadrā's writings support the conventional linear account, this account does not adequately represent his philosophical system. Rather, thought, inner states, and action continuously and reciprocally shape one another within the soul's substantial perfection. Accordingly, the hermeneutical-circle model provides an effective analytical framework for reconstructing the dynamic structure governing their interaction in Al-Hikmah al-Muta’āliyah.