نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
This study critically evaluates the perspectives of Muslim philosophers regarding the “temporal origination (hudūth) and pre-existence (qidam) of the soul” and assesses their concordance with Quranic verses and Islamic traditions (hadith). Employing a descriptive-analytical method based on library research into Islamic philosophical corpora and exegetical-narrative texts, the findings reveal that both the doctrine of the soul’s pre-existence (as posited by Plato and Qutb al-Din Shirazi) and the theory of its spiritual origination (advocated by Avicenna and Suhrawardi) confront substantive rational objections and scriptural inconsistencies. In contrast, Mulla Sadra’s doctrine of “corporeal origination and spiritual subsistence” (jismāniyyat al-ḥudūth wa-rūḥāniyyat al-baqā’)—grounded in the foundational principles of Transcendent Theosophy (al-ḥikmat al-muta‘āliyah), notably substantial motion (al-ḥarakah al-jawhariyyah) and the gradation of existence (tashkīk al-wujūd)—achieves a robust synthesis between reason (‘aql) and revelation (naql). It accomplishes this by articulating the soul’s gradual emergence and offering a hermeneutical interpretation (ta’wīl) of seemingly contradictory religious texts. Consequently, this theory serves as an integrative framework capable of resolving apparent discordances and presenting a coherent paradigm of the soul’s genesis within Islamic intellectual traditions.
کلیدواژهها English
